If you have spent any time in elite sport, you will have met the athlete whose decline does not fit a neat narrative.

Most people in sport agree on the basics: athletes improve by training, and “training load” matters. Increase load (sensibly) ...

Guidelines 10 years ago stated that carbohydrate intake during exercise should be 30-60 grams per hour, this developed to intakes of 90 g/h in some situations, but recently a paper was published that ...

Muscle cramping during exercise is a common problem among athletes that involves sudden, involuntary and painful muscle contraction during or after exercise. The occurrence of cramps is quite ...

In a previous blog I explained the reason for the grams per hour recommendations. In a large number of studies there seemed to be only small differences between individuals in terms of the maximum ...

Caffeine is both a drug and a nutrient. A cup of coffee in the morning is used to wake up a cup in the evening is often used to work or study late. Athletes often use it to improve endurance ...

The World Health Organisation (WHO) have advised that a diet high in free sugars can be harmful to health as it is associated with dental decay and may lead to excess consumption of energy (calories), ...

There are countless times I have watched sports on TV and commentators provide their insights on the regulation of fuel use. “And then you switch to fat metabolism” is one of the commonly heard catch ...

The studies by David Costill in the late 1970s (2) showed that caffeine can increase the mobilisation of fatty acids from their stores. Fat is stored in several tissues but mostly in adipose tissues.

People often ask us: “Are continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) accurate?” Our simple answer will typically be "yes", particularly if we are short on time. But, if you want to understand a little more ...

Carbohydrate intake during exercise can enhance endurance exercise performance. But some practical questions like: what is the best pattern of intake? have not been addressed. Carbohydrate intake ...