The tariffs mark a new phase in what has been a complicated and at times chaotic push to reset the terms of global trade. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent suggested on Tuesday that more deals could come together in the coming weeks, meaning the rates are still subject to change.

“IEEPA nowhere mentions tariffs, duties, imposts, or taxes, and no other President in the statute’s nearly 50-year history has claimed that it authorizes tariffs,” the companies added in a filing with the appeals court.