Material fabrication processes can gradually create changes in the material’s final properties; thus, to verify the material’s final quality and comprehend any inconsistencies, scientists need a ...

For materials scientists, understanding the atomic structure of a material, revealing defects, or characterizing the chemical and physical processes that occur during the creation of material, are key ...

In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where the electron beam passes through the sample to be directly imaged on the detector below, it is often necessary to support the thin samples on a grid.

TEM works by accelerating electrons, typically with energies between 80 and 300 kV, and directing them through a specimen thin enough for electron transmission. Because of their very short wavelength ...