The Bandgap Reference Calculator (BGRC) aids in the design and analysis of a Brokaw bandgap reference circuit. It calculates all circuit parameters and the output voltage as a function of junction ...

A single external reference voltage applied to all ADC reference inputs. Such a configuration allows you to engineer an external reference voltage of arbitrary accuracy but incurs errors from the ...

1. The venerable HP3458A 8½-digit voltmeter is still available from Keysight for about $10,000. It uses an LTZ1000 in its voltage reference board. (Courtesy of Max Carter/maxmcarter.com) Tim Regan, a ...

Reference designs are circuit diagrams that appear on a datasheet, usually near the beginning. But where do they come from? This seemingly simple question has led to a number of interesting ...

This account of running DOOM on a PCB business card isn’t really about serving the “Will it DOOM?” meme of getting the classic game to run on improbable hardware. Rather, this project has more to do ...

CMOS current reference circuits play a critical role in modern integrated circuits by providing a stable and reproducible current source that remains unaffected by variations in supply voltage, ...