Within the microscopic boundaries of a single human cell, the intricate folds and arrangements of protein and DNA bundles dictate a person's fate: which genes are expressed, which are suppressed, and ...

A formula used to turn ordinary data, or "plaintext," into a secret coded message known as "ciphertext." The ciphertext can reside in storage or travel over unsecure networks without its contents ...

A quantum computer algorithm that is used to find the prime factors in an encryption key. Created by applied mathematician Peter Shor in the mid-1990s, Shor's algorithm may be used to break the codes ...

Patients with aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS) are at increased risk of rapid accrual of disability and disease progression, so early detection is critical The window of opportunity for treating ...